Which regulation requires airports to maintain a safety management system?

The requirement for airports to maintain a safety management system (SMS) is found in 14 CFR Part 139, which pertains specifically to the certification of airports. This regulation establishes the standards for airport safety, including the need for an SMS, which helps manage safety risks through a systematic approach. An SMS is essential for identifying hazards, assessing risks, and implementing controls to enhance safety across airport operations.

Understanding the context of the other regulations helps clarify why 14 CFR Part 139 is the correct choice. For instance, 14 CFR Part 121 focuses on the rules governing the operation of domestic, flag, and supplemental air carriers, primarily addressing aircraft operators rather than airports themselves. 14 CFR Part 145 deals with repair stations that maintain aircraft and their components, again not directly addressing airport operations. Lastly, 14 CFR Part 77 covers the objects that affect navigable airspace, such as structures and natural features, without involving the operational safety management aspects that are central to airport management. Thus, the link between 14 CFR Part 139 and the requirement for an SMS is clear, as it underlines the importance of maintaining safety in airport operations.