What does the term 'situational awareness' refer to in aviation?

The term 'situational awareness' in aviation encompasses the ability to comprehend all aspects of the environment in which a pilot or aircrew is operating. This includes not only an understanding of the aircraft's operational status and performance but also an awareness of the surrounding air traffic, weather conditions, terrain, and any other factors that may influence flight safety and decision-making.

This broad and holistic understanding is crucial for effective navigation and ensures that pilots can anticipate and respond to changes in their environment. While understanding weather patterns, maintaining communication with Air Traffic Control (ATC), and executing flight procedures accurately are all important components of safe flight operations, they are specific elements that contribute to broader situational awareness rather than defining it. Situational awareness integrates all relevant information, allowing pilots to make informed, timely decisions based on a complete picture of the flight environment.