To combat the effects of spatial disorientation, a pilot should primarily rely on what?

Relying on aircraft instrument indications is crucial for pilots facing the challenge of spatial disorientation. Spatial disorientation occurs when a pilot's perception of their position and movement is distorted, often due to a lack of external references or conflicting signals from their body. In such situations, body sensations and visual cues can lead to misinterpretations of the aircraft's orientation and altitude.

In contrast, aircraft instruments provide reliable and objective data about the aircraft’s state and performance, regardless of the pilot's perception. Instruments like the altimeter, attitude indicator, and heading indicator help pilots maintain proper orientation and control, particularly in low-visibility conditions or flight maneuvers that can induce disorientation. By trusting these instruments, pilots can make informed decisions that enhance safety and performance, thereby mitigating the risks associated with spatial disorientation.